Optimizing Web Performance in 2024

Web performance directly impacts user experience, SEO rankings, and business metrics. Here's how to build fast websites in 2024.

Core Web Vitals

Focus on the metrics that matter:

• Largest Contentful Paint (LCP): < 2.5 seconds
• First Input Delay (FID): < 100 milliseconds
• Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS): < 0.1

Image Optimization

Modern image formats and techniques:

```html <picture> <source srcset="image.avif" type="image/avif"> <source srcset="image.webp" type="image/webp"> <img src="image.jpg" alt="Description" loading="lazy"> </picture> ```

JavaScript Optimization

• Code splitting with dynamic imports
• Tree shaking unused code
• Preloading critical resources
• Using service workers for caching

CSS Performance

```css /* Use contain for layout optimization */ .card { contain: layout style paint; }

/* Optimize animations / .element { will-change: transform; transform: translateZ(0); / Create compositing layer */ } ```

Monitoring and Measurement

Use tools like:

• Lighthouse
• WebPageTest
• Real User Monitoring (RUM)
• Performance Observer API

Conclusion

Performance optimization is an ongoing process. Start with measuring, focus on the biggest impact changes, and continuously monitor your improvements.